According to Pastoral Care of the Sick, The communion minister should wear attire appropriate to this ministry (General Introduction, 72). Very similar to the maniple in form and nature is the subcinctorium, an ornamental vestment reserved to the pope. The communion minister in this case may not be an ordained minister. Originally also an ornamental handkerchief and called at that date encheirion it received its present form in the twelfth century. The maniple is an ornamental vestment in the form of a band, a little over a yard long and from somewhat over two to almost four inches wide, which is placed on the left arm in such manner that it falls in equal length on both sides of the arm. Your email address will not be published. A distinction is made between the insignia of ecclesiastical and sacerdotal office in the hierarchy and the functionally and symbolically significant liturgical robes. Deacons, like priests and bishops, must wear their albs and stoles; deacons place the stole over their left shoulder and it hangs across to their right side, while priests and bishops wear it around their necks. At the liturgy, he assists the bishop and priests. It was carried in the hand or tied to the left arm when not needed. How many maniples are there in a century? To become a priest, one must undertake the Rite of Ordination. BAPTISMS the priest or deacon, vested in alb or surplice, with a stole (with or without a cope) of festive color (Rite of Baptism for Children, 35, cf. the letters which passed between Gregory the Great and Archbishop John of Ravenna). How many sacraments can a deacon perform? Do deacons wear maniples? The cohort was comprised of three maniples of one hundred sixty men for a total fighting strength of four hundred and eighty men. Does the Subdeacon wear a maniple? At least it was worn at Rome early in the sixth century even though not by all those ecclesiastics who later used it. As is the practice in the Anglican churches, cassocks may be worn by others who are not ministers. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Originally it was held in the left hand; from the eleventh century, however, it became customary to carry it on the lower part of the left arm and the usage has remained the same up to the present day. When used, the maniple is worn by a priest only when vested in a chasuble for . The colour is in accordance with the liturgical rules. New Liturgical Movement is sponsored by the Church Music Association of America. Can a deacon marry you? do deacons wear maniples?havelock wool australia. when engaged in a ministry to which the permanent deacon has been formally assigned by the Archbishop), the deacon may wear clerical garb. Permanent deacons are ordained to the Catholic Church and have no intentions of becoming a priest. What would this mean for Dominicans who celebrate the modern Roman Rite?Strictly speaking, nothing is required by these older norms. However, like priests, Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, also called Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament or the Rite of Eucharistic Exposition and Benediction, is a devotional ceremony, celebrated especially in the Roman Catholic Church, but also in some other Christian traditions such as Anglo-Catholicism, whereby, As a priest dons his/her stole, the cross on the stoles neckpiece is kissed. Some scholars believe Phoebe was responsible for delivering Pauls epistle to the Roman Christian church. Probably the change did not occur everywhere at the same time. When singing the Genealogy and the Last Discourse of Jesus.c. 12052). Now, the Caeremoniale S.O.P. He added, . On all Feasts of Three Lessons and above (which after the 1960 calendar Reform means all IIId Class feasts and above).c. Nor do our deacons and subdeacons wear dalmatics or folded chasubles on Good Friday: on that day they wear only the amice, alb, cinture, maniple, and (for the deacon) the stole, even though the prior (or priest) celebrating the service wears a cope (Caermon. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. See the General Instruction of the Roman Missal, paragraphs 335347. It was generally about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) long overall, consisting of an iron shank about 7 millimetres (0.28 in) in diameter and 60 centimetres (24 in) long with a pyramidal head. the shackles and handcuffs with which Jesus was bound during his Passion New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 6' 4" - 6' 6". The cope is worn by the priest in solemn liturgical services outside Mass and in processions; in other liturgical services, in keeping with the rubrics proper to each rite (CB 66). On what days do the deacon and subdeacon wear the dalmatic at Mass?The deacon and subdeacon wear dalmatics, according to the Caeremoniale S.O.P. In fact, an elderly cooperator (lay) brother told me that he regularly functioned as a subdeacon in the missions and in parishes when no priest was available. What would this mean for Dominicans who celebrate the modern Roman Rite? This instruction appears in the section of the Ceremonial dealing with general norms. The Continuing Papal Witness to the Suitability of New England College Adopts "Simple English Propers A New Una Voce Chapter for Southern Ontario Residents. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? The seal of the confessional, as with Roman Catholicism, is absolute and any confessor who divulges information revealed in confession is subject to deposition and removal from office. Your email address will not be published. If anyone notices something I left out or that needs amendment, please let me know! The minister, if he is a priest or deacon, should vest in an alb, or a surplice over a cassock, and a stole The priest or deacon should wear a white cope and humeral veil to give the blessing at the end of adoration, when the exposition takes place with the monstrance; in the case of exposition in the ciborium, the humeral veil should be worn (Holy Communion and Worship of the Eucharist Outside of Mass, 61). The deacon wears the stole over his left shoulder and drawn across the chest to the right side, where it is fastened (CB 67). In the eleventh and twelfth centuries the singular custom prevailed at Cluny and other monasteries that on the chief feast days all, even the Lay brothers, appeared at Mass in alb and maniple; this practice, however, was forbidden in 1100 by the Synod of Poitiers. The dalmatic may, however, be omitted out of necessity or on account of a lesser degree of solemnity. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. However, in the Roman Ritual, it does specify, All members of the clergy who are to take part will be properly clothed, in surplices or in other sacred vestments (Roman Ritual, XII, 1, 3). We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Priests are assistants to the bishop and the Pope while deacons are servants of the church and the bishops. subdeacon. The vestment proper to the Deacon is the dalmatic, worn over the alb and stole; however, the dalmatic may be omitted out of necessity or on account of a lesser degree of solemnity (GIRM 338). Churches of the Anglican Communion have no restrictions on the marriage of deacons, priests, bishops, or other ministers to a person of the opposite sex. In other words, an alb should always be worn by the deacon when he is serving as deacon at Mass, never a cassock and surplice, even when the dalmatic is omitted by necessity. BOCK, Geschichte der liturgischen Gewander, II (Bonn, 1866); DUCHESNE, Origines du culte chrtien (Paris, 1903); ROHAULT DE FLEURY, La messe, VII (Paris, 1888); WILPERT, Die gewandung der Christen in den ersten Jahr. See my previous article, Is the Dalmatic Optional? for more information on this. Do deacons wear Maniples? A surplice may not be substituted for the alb when the chasuble or dalmatic is to be worn or when a stole is used instead of the chasuble or dalmatic. Unless otherwise indicated, the chasuble, worn over the alb and stole, is the vestment proper to the presbyter who is the celebrant at Mass and other rites immediately connected with the Mass. Husband of one, father of seven, Roman Catholic deacon, college campus minister, writer, shepherd and drinker of fine coffee. Shirts to be purchased by candidates. "Maniple." Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. The policy in Washington, DC (my home diocese) is quite good: "If, in the professional judgment of the deacon, the . Deacons and laity can pray for the sick and dying, but not to the same effect as this sacrament. . The maniple is worn also, with the dalmatic or tunicle, by the deacon and the subdeacon in a Solemn Mass, but only during the Mass itself. An amice (Latin: amictum) is a liturgical garment worn mainly in the Western Catholic Church and in some of the Protestant Churches . Information will be taken primarily from the liturgical texts themselves. At Rome in the ninth century even the acolytes wore the maniple. Phoebe is the only woman named as deacon in the Bible. What do deacons wear on Palm Sunday and Pentecost? The following instructions are taken from the Ceremonial of Bishops. Vol. The purpose of the maniple is uncertain, but it probably originated as a cloth the priest could use to wipe his hands and face. Gewander in Linzer Quartalschrift, LII (Linz, 1899); BRAUN, Die priesterlichen Gewander des Abendlandes (Freiburg, 1897); IDEM, Die liturgische Gewandung im Occident und Orient (Freiburg, 1907). Since, in the Pre-Vatican-II church, straw subdeacons were tolerated in the Roman Rite, this use seems to have been generally adopted by Dominicans too.2. So what happens if the Liturgy of the Hours is celebrated before the Blessed Sacrament Exposed, as part of an extended period of Adoration? Current use. Maniples of this period with costly embroidery are to be found in the cathedral of Sens, in the convent of the Sisters of Notre-Dame at Namur, at Pontigny, in the cathedral of Bayeux, in the Museum of Industrial Art at Berlin, etc. Publication of the Date of Easter on the Day of th Top Ten Things Ive Learned about Sacred Music, On the Vesture of Deacon and Subdeacon in the Dominican Rite, Western Dominican Province House of Studies, On Multiple Calices, Zenit.org, Oct. 9, 2007. Originally, the maniple was likely a piece of linen which clerics used to wipe their faces and hands and has been described by some modern commentators as being akin to a handkerchief. once ordained, unmarried deacons cannot marry Who was able to serve as subdeacon in the Traditional Dominican Rite before Vatican II?Obviously, before reform of the ordination rites, any friars having been ordained to the subdeaconate could serve; as well as priests and deacons, who were always previously ordained subdeacons. 1 : a long narrow strip of silk formerly worn at mass over the left arm by clerics of or above the order of subdeacon. . This is the common practice in our Western Province. Deacons can baptize, witness marriages, perform funeral and burial services outside of Mass, distribute Holy Communion, preach the homily (which is the sermon given after the Gospel at Mass), and are obligated to pray the Divine Office (Breviary) each day. About the end of the first millennium it was hardly more than an ornamental band. Diakonissa is a Greek title of honor that is used to refer to a deacons wife. The maniple is made of silk or half-silk material. Current use. As is the practice in the Anglican churches, cassocks may be worn by others who are not ministers. The maniple is worn also, with the dalmatic or tunicle, by the deacon and the subdeacon in a Solemn Mass, but only during the Mass itself. The bishop is assisted by two deacons, or at least by one, wearing diaconal vestments. The responsum from Ecclesia Dei cited above allows to function as subdeacon, only to those men who have, for one reason or another, been formally installed in the modern ministry of acolyte. About the close of the sixth century under the name of mappula it was also worn by the priests and deacons of Ravenna. XXL - Extra Extra Large. The maniple is not worn for other liturgical functions (e.g., the Asperges, processions) for which the dalmatic or tunicle is worn. Stole, ecclesiastical vestment worn by Roman Catholic deacons, priests, and bishops and by some Anglican, Lutheran, and other Protestant clergy. It was enriched, so the inventories inform us, with embroidery, small ornaments of precious metals, precious stones, and pearls. Do deacons wear Maniples? Yes, a deacon can marry you. Probably not. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. What does a maniple represent? In the absence of a deacon, the bishop is assisted by presbyters, vested in cope (CB 1106). In the time of the Roman Republic the Standards were imprinted with the letters SPQR which was an abbreviation for Another device for securing the maniple is to set a small band a little to one side of the middle and to secure this band with a pin to the alb. The top 10% earn more than $85,040 per year and the bottom 10% earn $26,160 or less per year, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. stole, ecclesiastical vestment worn by Roman Catholic deacons, priests, and bishops and by some Anglican, Lutheran, and other Protestant clergy. The dalmatic, worn over the alb and stole, is the vestment proper to the deacon. (source: www.newadvent.org) Adrian Wm Harmening, O.S.B. for new clients only. Priest. [CDATA[ With regard to what is now the normal form of the Roman Rite, as revised in 1969, the General Instruction of the Roman Missal states: "The vestment proper to the priest celebrant at Mass and other sacred actions directly connected with Mass is, unless otherwise indicated, the chasuble, worn over the alb and stole. Only a validly ordained priest can validly consecrate the Eucharist. Size A weapons platoon usually has both a lieutenant and a gun sergeant due to the number of Marines. Candidates to the priesthood are ordained as transitional deacons during their last year of study in what is regarded as a step toward priesthood.. When the deacon is presiding, according to the General Instruction of the Liturgy of the Hours, he wears a stole over an alb or surplice. Z's Blog What Does The Prayer Really Say? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. By the beginning of the ninth century the use of the maniple was almost universal in Western Europe, being customary even at Milan which had otherwise its own peculiar rite. Deacons, like priests and bishops, must wear their albs and stoles; deacons place the stole over their left shoulder and it hangs across to their right side, while priests and bishops wear it around their necks. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York. Braun, J. 2. Who may serve as a subdeacon today in the traditional Dominican Rite? In the middle and at each end the maniple is ornamented with a small cross; of these crosses that in the middle is always necessary as it is prescribed by the rubrics of the Missal. Do deacons wear Maniples? In the Eastern churches the equivalent vestment is the epitrachelion worn by priests and the orarion worn by deacons. The maniple is worn also, with the dalmatic or tunicle, by the deacon and the subdeacon in a Solemn Mass, but only during the Mass itself. Do deacons wear Maniples? Example of a red humeral veil and stole worn during Palm . And for a less solemn, brief period of Exposition: for a deacon or presbyter: alb and stole (CB 1115). This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. , In 216 B.C., they elected Gaius Terentius Varro and Lucius Aemilius Paullus as co-consuls and equipped them with eight legionsthe largest army in the Republics history. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. From the Ceremonial of Bishops, this note about the vesture common to all ministers: The vestment common to ministers of every rank is the alb, tied at the waist with a cincture, unless it is made to fit without a cincture. I suspect that this was because Dominicans usually pin the maniple on the sleeve of the alb and this makes it hard to remove; thus the chasuble was removed instead. var m_names=new Array("Jan.","Feb.","Mar.","Apr.","May","Jun.","Jul.","Aug.","Sept.","Oct.","Nov.","Dec. Form, Material, and Use.The maniple is an ornamental vestment in the form of a band, a little over a yard long and from somewhat over two to almost four inches wide, which is placed on the left arm in such manner that it falls in equal length on both sides of the arm.It is morn only during Mass, not at the administration of the sacraments, during processions, nor at Benediction . In my article, Can Deacons Cope? I discussed the different liturgical occasions on which it is permitted that a deacon wear a cope. Originally all wings were usually commanded by a wing commander (equivalent to a lieutenant colonel). The colour of the dalmatic should be the same as the chasuble the priest wears as per the liturgical colour of the day. No mention is made of what any assisting ministers should wear. Was it an oversight? It is still required to be worn by those who, as authorized by Pope Benedict XVI's 2007 motu proprio Summorum Pontificum, use the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal. It is interesting to me that the only difference is that the surplice is mentioned as an alternative to the alb in funerals for children, but not mentioned for funerals for adults. As Mauro Gagliardi, a consultor to the office for the Pope's liturgical ceremonies, wrote in an article on the prayers that, in the Tridentine Mass, the priest says when putting on the vestments: The maniple is an article of liturgical dress used in the celebration of the extraordinary form of the Holy Mass of the Roman Rite. To submit news, send e-mail to the contact team. Do deacons wear Maniples? When used, the maniple is worn by a priest only when vested in a chasuble for celebrating Mass. It was a canny tactic, but one the hyper-aggressive Romans would not embrace for long. Do deacons wear Maniples? Peter and Paul, St. Lawrence, Assumption, and Christmas), and Ember Days. The permission for the deacon to wear a dalmatic in place of a cope is new with the most recent edition of the ritual text. "[12] This corresponds to the rhymed prayer that in the Tridentine Mass the priest says when putting on the maniple: Merear, Domine, portare manipulum fletus et doloris; ut cum exsultatione recipiam mercedem laboris. The Other Modern: Slovak Girls' Academy, Pennsylvania. I would say no, even if lay brothers did this before Vatican II. Which Teeth Are Normally Considered Anodontia. This does not preclude the deacon from wearing cassock and surplice if he is functioning at Mass in some other role, for example, as the M.C. The contubernium was the smallest organized unit of soldiers in the Roman Army and was composed of eight legionaries, the equivalent of a modern squad. 1. Who was able to serve as subdeacon in the Traditional Dominican Rite before Vatican II? When presiding over a wedding outside of Mass, the following instruction from The Order of Celebrating Matrimony applies. A small military unit consisting of ten to eleven soldiers, normally led by a staff sergeant. It does not store any personal data. An amice should be put on first if the alb does not completely cover the ministers street clothing at the neck. Remy Lafort, Censor. . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". One of the important tasks of Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion is to bring the Eucharist to the homebound and infirm. Wear it is the proper vestment of a deacon at Mass, Holy Communion or other services such as baptism or marriage held in the context of a Eucharistic service The maniple is not worn for other liturgical functions (e.g., the Asperges, processions) for which the dalmatic or tunicle is worn. An Anglican deacon wears an identical choir dress to an Anglican priest: cassock, surplice, tippet and academic hood. The maniple was originally a cloth used by Roman high society to dry moisture from the hands and face during oppressive summer heat and to wipe the mouth after eating. An Anglican deacon wears an identical choir dress to an Anglican priest: A bishop or other priest wears the stole around his neck with the ends hanging down in front, while the deacon, dalmatic, liturgical vestment worn over other vestments by. The maniple is not worn for other liturgical functions (e.g., the Asperges, processions) for which the dalmatic or tunicle is worn. Gradually, it became the distinctive garment of deacons. A legionary had to be over 17 years old and a Roman citizen. Otherwise not.e. They must not be heavy drinkers or dishonest with money. But the new Roman liturgical books leave a lot of leeway for the vesting of the deacon. In the (hopefully rare) instance when a deacon may need to preside over a Communion Service on a Sunday when no priest is available to offer Mass for the faithful, the liturgical instruction is that he wear his usual vestments as if for Mass. The maniple is worn also, with the dalmatic or tunicle, by the deacon and the subdeacon in a Solemn Mass, but only during the Mass itself. It cannot be positively decided when it became a plain band. As such, Permanent deacons exercise various responsibilities in parishes and dioceses, including. So dont wear your vestments before they have been blessed! The Ancient Origins of the Nativity Scene (Part 1), Antiphons in the Roman Missal vs. the Roman Gradual. They should wear appropriate attire as lay people. But as early as about the close of the thirteenth century, it was merely an ornamental vestment. Nine of the cohorts were divided into six centuries. . Deacon is the third position and the priest is the second position in the holy orders of Christianity. Although infrequent, it may also be worn by bishops above the alb and below the chasuble, and is then referred to as pontifical dalmatic. When assisting a priest wearing a cope at Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.One should note that, in the Dominican Rite, the priest does NOT wear the cope for the Asperges unless a procession of the brethren precedes (the entrance of the ministers at Mass is NOT such a procession). The maniple is a vestment not only of the Roman Rite, but also of most of the other Latin liturgical rites. Who may serve as a subdeacon today in the traditional Dominican Rite?When the Dominican Rite Solemn Mass is celebrated today, a deacon or priest would be able to function as a subdeacon as they are both clerics (from their deacon ordination) and have been ordained to a rank above subdeacon (see above General Chapter norm). What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? While ZipRecruiter is seeing annual salaries as high as $89,000 and as low as $12,000, the majority of Catholic Deacon salaries currently range between $23,000 (25th percentile) to $46,000 (75th percentile) with top earners (90th percentile) making $70,000 annually across the United States. ");var d=new Date();var curr_day=d.getDay();var curr_date=d.getDate();var curr_month=d.getMonth();var curr_year=d.getFullYear();document.write(curr_date+" "+m_names[curr_month]+" "+curr_year); It is generally considered the unique badge of the ordained ministry and is conferred at ordination. When used, the maniple is worn by a priest only when vested in a chasuble for celebrating Mass. Which blood vessels is blood pressure pulsatile in? There are two styles of address used when greeting a permanent deacon. In the prayer offered by the priest when putting on the maniple are symbolized the cares and sorrows of this earthly life which should be borne with patience in view of the heavenly reward. It is not necessary for the Holy See to issue a decree abolishing every single detail. In this article, I take a broader look at what vestments are proper for a deacon to wear for various liturgical occasions. In the later Middle Ages it was generally of silk. APA citation. At what other times is the dalmatic worn? (Senate and People of Rome). baptize, witness marriages, perform funeral and burial services outside of Mass, distribute Holy Communion It is derived from diakonosthe Greek word for deacon (literally, server). If you want a mass, a priest must celebrate the mass. However, liturgically, deacons usually wear a stole over their left shoulder and fastened on the right side of their waist. What is a amice in the Catholic Church? Its mission was clear: confront Hannibals army and crush it. Maniples drew up for battle in three lines, each line made up of 10 maniples and the whole arranged in a checkerboard pattern. At the Asperges, all three ministers do, however, wear the maniple. On all Sundaysb. As a priest dons his/her stole, the cross on the stoles neckpiece is kissed acknowledging the yoke of Christ the yoke of service. So, the dalmatic is not worn on: ferials not part of an octave, true vigils (i.e., NOT the anticipated Mass of a Sunday or Feastday--rather, the at the Mass of the day before the Ascension, Pentecost, St. John the Baptist, Sts. That it was also worn in England is evident from the elaborately worked maniple now in the Museum of Durham cathedral which, according to the inscription embroidered on it, was made by order of Queen Aethelflaed (d. before 916), wife of Edward the Elder for Bishop Frithestan of Winchester. The pope wears it only at a solemn pontifical Mass. The Dominican Rite does not follow the Roman Rite practice of distinguishing the dalmatic (worn by the deacon) from the tunicle (worn by the subdeacon), in which the dalmatic has two bars between the claves (vertical stripes) and the tunicle one. Varied over unit lifetime. A comment on a very old post and some discussion of Dominican traditions with brothers in our Western Dominican Province House of Studies as to vesting of the deacon, have prompted this overview of deacons and subdeacons and their vesture in the traditional Dominican Rite.ON VESTMENTS OF THE DEACON AND SUBDEACON1. For Morning Prayer (CB 212) and the Office of Readings (CB 216), the prescribed vesture is the same as for Evening Prayer, above. Do deacons wear Maniples? When used, Later it was generally called subcinctorium. As such, deacons do many of the last rites that I explained in last weeks post: prayers, blessings, and offering the Eucharist or Viaticum. Your email address will not be published. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. soldiers. As early as the tenth century much importance was attached to its ornamentation. In 216 B.C., they elected Gaius Terentius Varro and Lucius Aemilius Paullus as co-consuls and equipped them with, Praetor (/pritr/ PREE-tr, Classical Latin: [praetr]), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i). The Maniple typically consisted of 120 soldiers arrayed in 3 ranks of 40 men when engaged in battle. Deacons can baptize, witness marriages, perform funeral and burial services outside of Mass, distribute Holy Communion, preach the homily (which is the sermon given after the Gospel at Mass), and are obligated to pray the Divine Office (Breviary) each day. Mass of Reception from Mount Calvary, Baltimore (A 4th Sunday of the Year, Simple English Propers. members of the clergy along with priests and bishops On certain occasions, they also wear the dalmatic. In the Latin Catholic tradition the stole is the vestment that marks recipients of Holy Orders.It is conferred at the ordination of a deacon, by which one becomes a member of the clergy after the suppression of the tonsure and minor orders after the Second Vatican Council.. A bishop or other priest wears the stole around his neck with the ends hanging down in front, while the . Posted by ; royal canin yorkie dog food reviews; parkland psychiatric hospital dallas, tx . (1869), n. 1483). ontario police department police reporthavelock wool australia. Implement the Motu Proprio: A Bishop Speaks, Review: Two Editions of the CTS New Sunday Missal. This was later changed to nine cohorts of standard size (with six centuries at 80 men each) with the first cohort being of double strength (five double-strength centuries with 160 men each). For any Votive Mass when the calendar feast of that day is of IIId Class or above.d. Female guests can choose slacks or a skirt with a dressy blouse or button-up shirt, blazer and dressy shoes. Note: the context here is not limited to the Mass. The deacons ministry has three dimensions: liturgy, word and service. Without doubt the maniple was first used at Rome. In its 1967 instruction, Tres abhinc annos, issued while the Tridentine Mass was still the only form used in the Roman Rite, the Sacred Congregation of Rites removed the obligation to use the maniple at Mass. Plain colour fabric with a smooth finish. In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries these bands were, as a rule, very long and narrow and had laid on at the ends for ornament squares or rectangular pieces of material; after a while, however, this form of maniple went out of use. When Evening Prayer is celebrated on major solemnities, deacons may wear either a cope or a dalmatic (CB 192). Compare the above to this instruction for funerals for children: The minister who is a priest or deacon wears an alb or surplice with stole (a cope may be used, if desired) (Order of Christian Funerals, 275). Solemn Pontifical Mass for the Feast of the Purifi Vestments from the Era of Pope Clement VIII.

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