(a) can maintain ionic balance of extracellular environment for neurons (b) can take glucose from blood to provide to neurons to make ATP (c) can take up neurotransmitter from a synapse (d) can phag, Which of the following are characteristics of myelinated axons? The comparison demonstrates that the suggested controller closely tracks the reference voltage than the . Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a (n) ________. ATP-dependent "motor" proteins such as kinesin, dynein, and myosin are responsible. B) excitatory potential d. act as transcription factors. a. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. d. Hypothalamus, 37. D) all sodium gates are closed, In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? Responding to brain injury is an important function of astrocytes. d. M1 microglial cells. d. cause a tremor. Which of the choices below describes the ANS? They propel cellular components along microtubules. a. extrapyramidal motor system. 45. To which part of the spinal cord is sensory information sent? That part of the nervous system that is voluntary and conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system. d. endothelial cells., 2. David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin, LELCB 1B (28/1) - Collocation review (gap fil. b. transcription factors. C. Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart. Required fields are marked. c. provide the defense for the CNS. Events that occur during synaptic activity are listed here, but they are arranged in an incorrect order. The person would have impaired movement while the drug's effects were active. However, the electrical impulses cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. b. Sensory afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. Characteristics and function of neurons. 32. b. True or False, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? C) negatively charged and contains more sodium. Which of the following is NOT a type of circuit? The small layer of tissue surrounding the cerebral aqueduct in the brain is called: Show the details. Which of the following is not a chemical class of neurotransmitters? Which of the following are afferent neurons, relative to the central nervous system? b. A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. d. represent a general decline of autonomic nervous system activity. Contains cells with macrophage activity c. Exhibits regenerative capacities d. Contains lymphatic vessel. depolarized to Local anesthetics block voltage-gated Na+ channels, but they do not block mechanically gated ion channels. A) resting period d. The person would have dulled senses for some period of time after taking the substance. Which of the following statements regarding nervous tissue is not true? The synaptic cleft b. a. B) short distance depolarization Its structure is multipolar. A) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. c. hindbrain. Numerous Nissl bodies were observed, indicating that the neurons had a high ability to synthesize proteins. Which of the following is not found in the limbic system? c. M2 A. excitability B. neurotransmitter production C. high energy needs D. capability of mitosis. 48. C) anchor neurons to blood vessels a. temporal lobe. Serotonin is a biogenic amine neurotransmitter widely distributed in the brain, where it plays a role in emotional behavior and helps to regulate the biological clock. Expert Answer. a. improve working memory. C) microglia The _________________ facilitates balance and the timing of movements. What parts of a neuron are completely contained within a ganglion? C) found in ganglia b. increased heart rate. Cell body c. Ganglion d. Axon, Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? Neurons may be classified according to several characteristics. The person may have constricted pupils. channels open Influx of Na+ AP regenerated in a. Pons A) They conduct impulses. d. frontal lobe. a. sensory neuron b. interneuron c. motor neuron d. gland e. muscle. A. B) dendrite d. Neurons. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. a. anchor neurons to blood vessels. b. Pons A. they produce neurotransmitters B. they lack neurotransmitter receptors C. they receive communication from other neurons D. they slow down the action potential. d. cerebellum. b. glial cells. The nucleus accumbens facilitates fear and aggression. What type of channel on the postsynaptic membrane binds neurotransmitter? a. Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? 6. d. Nuclei. A) innervation of smooth muscle of the digestive tract B) innervation of cardiac muscle C) innervation of skeletal muscle D . c. they form an insulating material around axons. d. Neurotrophins. Ganglia are on or near the target organ. C) responds to stimuli by gland secretion or muscle contraction, The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the ________. 100% (3 ratings) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? C) are crucial in the production of neurotransmitters d. Sympathetic ganglion, 24. a. Schwann cells b. oligodendrocytes c. astroc, What kind of nerve cells are thought to be helpers for the neurons? Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) play a vital role in conveying complex information from hair cells to the brainstem (Shrestha et al., 2018).As the injury or degeneration of SGNs is particularly devastating to hearing function, thus the repair of SGNs is of great importance in hearing-related biomedical fields (Petitpre et al., 2018; Wei et al., 2021). High mitotic rate B. Generally, these traits are not determined by just one gene, but instead by the cumulative effect . The axon hillock is located: What is the function of upper motor neurons? 4. FUNCTIONS OF ORGANELL NEURONS<br><br>The nerve cell - neuron - is a structural and functional unit of nervous tissue. Which neurons belong to the efferent pathway? This area is also known as the soma or perikaryon. d. inferior colliculus. d . b. dorsal horn C) neurotransmitter c. pons. myelinated; move from one node of Ranvier to another. b. Neurons would be unable to form the blood-brain barrier. (c) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. B) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal. c. neurons. C) the impulse would spread bidirectionally The principles outlined above can be applied to the neuron and its ionic contents.. b. control the chemical environment around neurons. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. stem c.) muscles d.) osteocytes. Neurons that carry impulses the central nervous system to the muscles or glands are called neurons or motor neurons. Download Citation | Crosstalk between m6A mRNAs and m6A circRNAs and the time-specific biogenesis of m6A circRNAs after OGD/R in primary neurons | Cerebral ischaemiareperfusion injury is an . a. it is not an increase in membrane potential b. causes the voltage of the internal membrane towards zero c. inside the membrane becomes more positive than resting potential d. lowers the probability of producing an action potential e. none of the above. The STN also forms a reciprocally connected network with the GABAergic external globus pallidus that converges onto common basal ganglia output neurons. The axon c. The dendrites d. The Nissl bodies. People throughout history (has, have) been fascinated by the moon. C) ganglia D) found in the retina of the eye, Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? c. Motor efferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. C) biogenic amine What are the small lower motor neurons that innervate intrafusal muscle fibers that are part of specialized stretch receptors called? d. implicit memory. d. None of these are correct. 3. a) Neurons are specialized to conduct electrical impulses. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? a. Activation of preganglionic sympathetic neurons (a) Fluorescent lightbulbs contain a small amount of mercury, giving a mercury vapor pressure of around 1*10^(-5) atm. C. Myelin traps sodium ions in the axon, What does myelin do for neurons? . d. at the axon terminal. c. Activation of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons c. pineal gland. a. it provides a protective cushion for the brain. 41. b. the medulla. However, the electrical impulse cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. Just what does pass from the neuron to the muscle cells and, Which neuroglial cell type in the CNS is associated with many functions including support for neurons, forming a blood-brain barrier, secretion of neurotrophic factors, and uptake of K+ and neurotransmitters? C) proteins have been resynthesized Sensory Neurons Motor Neurons Inter-Neurons b. cholinesterase. Discovering that early life stress may cause polymorphisms that increase the risk of In epilepsy research, there is a growing interest in the role of the piriform cortex (PC) in the development and maintenance of limbic kindling and other types of limbic . 46. What portion of the neuron receives signals from other neurons? d. Parkinson's disease. What are the different types of motor neurons? B) brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves What effect might a disease that destroyed oligodendrocytes have on neuronal function? They have extreme longevity. 2 introduce new . A thirestold potential must be excecded or reached. D) moves membrane potential away from threshold. a. C ) brain and spinal cord. Contains lymphatic vessel. b. 80. These K+ ions decrease the positive ion concentration momentarily below the normal -70mV and thus hyperpolarize the cell. a. cerebellar ataxia. taking the substance. The GBA gene encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase). C) opens K+ or Cl- channels A neuron was found to originate in the hippocampus and terminate in the prefrontal cortex. D) control the chemical environment around neurons B) the Na ions have been pumped back into the cell Its axon, the postganglionic axon, extends to the effector organ. A) They conduct impulses. Neurons generate and conduct electrical impulses called action potentials. threshold Voltage-gated Na+ Write a paragraph describing the ce3z/(4zi)3dz. Identify the neuron type described: Two neuron types whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord (CNS). b. prevent electrical impulses from traveling down axons. b. polymorphism. 54. ________ are found in the CNS and bind axons and blood vessels to each other. Neurons are the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. c. myelin around axons. Sympathetic nervous system neurons contact muscle tissue at neuromuscular junctions. Classify Neurons by their Function. The hills on the surface of the brain are referred to as: a) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands b) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles c) sensory and motor neurons t. 1. c. Dendrites and cell bodies are found in the lateral gray columns of thoracic and the firs, Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles and glands? A disease that destroyed astrocytes would be expected to: Which of the followings cells accounts for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system? 66. Which of the following are the cells of nervous tissue? D) glial cell, Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. d. prefrontal cortex. a. medulla. a. regenerating axons may be unable to regain previous connections through the site of injury. a. microglial cells. Which of the following types of glial cells monitors the health of neurons, and can transform into a special type of macrophage to protect endangered neurons? a. b. reduce the activity of postganglionic sympathetic neurons. c) Neurons are the most abundant type of cell in nervous tissue. True or False, A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. b. thalamus. a. Doral root Hint. (a) hardened cells and neurons (b) neurons and supporting cells (c) chondrocytes and neurons (d) neuronocytes and smooth muscle cells. The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. 1. What distinguishes nerve cells and other excitable membranes (e.g., muscle cells) is that they are capable of changing their resting potential. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. She asks the nurse,"Why did this have to happen to me again? Select the correct statement about serial processing. 61. Neurons create extensive communication networks throughout the nervous system. innervation of skeletal muscle. An inhibitory intracellular matrix releases neurotrophins to impair axon re-growth. b. cingulate cortex. The plasma membrane of the neuron is semipermeable, being highly permeable to K + and slightly permeable to Cl and Na +.In the extracellular fluid, electroneutrality is preserved by a balance between a high concentration of Na + on the one hand and a high concentration of Cl , as . O They have extreme longevity. likely acting upon? d. increased protection of the brain. inability to divide by mitosis long cell life span (longevity) high aerobic metabolic rate ability to survive in anaerobic (Uithout oxygen) conditions. d. The person may have motor tremor. The correct answer is (d) All of these are characteristic of neurons. Answer: They are constantly dividing Explanation: Neurons are like different cells in the body on the grounds that: Neurons are encircled by a cell . A researcher found that a drug increased heart rate. 72. If a person ingested a substance that temporarily impaired the functioning of the The synaptic cleft prevents an impulse from being transmitted directly from one neuron to another. Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes? 29. B) muscle contraction would occur. 27. 9. a) anchor neurons to blood vessels b) control the chemical environment around neurons c) Provide the defense for the CNS d) support and brace neurons e) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse. What is a substance released from neurons that influences the sensitivity of neurons to neurotransmitters called? This is an example of: 34. See Page 1. D. Involved in fast-acting body control. Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocyte. 2. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? E) nucleic acid. d. the hypothalamus. Are most pedagogues more interested in automation or orthography? It is impossible in a single chapter to delineate comprehensively the extensive structural, topographical and functional variation achieved by this cell type. Answer: Option D is correct Explanation: Neurons generally do not e. B) are found on "pathfinder" neurons 77. Which of the following would NOT be an example of having an activated sympathetic The structure that meets the spinal cord in the hindbrain is the: c. Epigenetics Which of the following plays an integral role in saltatory conduction? It is concluded that motor and sensory axons have a different substrate preference at early postnatal stages but this difference is lost in the adult. These include nerve cells (or neurons) and glial cells (or glia ). B) They have extreme longevity. a. efferent neuron b. afferent neuron c. association neuron d. glial cell, Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? a. pituitary gland. First, consider an object with an initial position x0x_0x0, an initial velocity v0v_0v0, and an acceleration aaa. a. B. Which type of neurons are used to convey the special senses of sight? D) are crucial for the development of neural connections, An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________. A person suffering from an inability to speak the word she intends to say, sometimes Neurons differ in their morphology and function. An anesthetic protocol allowing electrophysiological singleunit recordings from inhibitory, presumably GABAergic PC interneurons in vivo is developed and may be useful for evaluation of PC neurons in kindled rats. D) astrocytes, What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? a. Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue(s). E) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse formation, and helping to determine capillary permeability. In each of the following sentences, circle the phrase following the subject. a) Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses via continuous conduction. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. Oligodendrocytes form and maintain the blood-brain barrier. a. Oligodendrocytes a. inhibit the production of neurotrophins. A) motor neurons 15. The parasympathetic division includes the splanchnic nerves. d. Sensory efferent neurons po. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are "firing," but due to the neurotransmitter released and its action, the postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from "firing" (hyperpolarized). Characteristics Of Neurons. a. Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue? The importance of a stimulus is derived from the number of stimuli received from the same source. d. pineal gland. 79. d. astrocytes. An experimental drug that reduces the release of chemicals that inhibit axon growth may: B) afferent neuron 13. 1. A) positively charged and contains less sodium D) nitric oxide, Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential? B) They have extreme longevity. 8. c. meninges. 31. c. Astrocytes The preclinical phase of AD, which can last 10 to 20 years, is characterized by the gradual accumulation of -amyloid and tau aggregates in the brain, together with neuroinflammation and synaptic alterations ().Several lines of evidence indicate that -amyloid deposition precedes . Which of the following is NOT characteristic of smooth muscle? B) called neuroglial cells Central Nervous System c. Motor neurons. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed.

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